A cikin watan Agustan 2022, kamfanoni takwas na Japan, da suka haɗa da Toyota, Sony, Kioxia, NEC, da sauransu, sun kafa Rapidus, ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Japan don masu gudanar da semiconductor na gaba, tare da tallafi mai karimci na yen biliyan 70 daga gwamnatin Japan.
"Rapidus" Latin yana nufin "sauri", Manufar wannan kamfani ita ce tafiya kafada da kafada da TSMC da cimma nasarar aiwatar da tsarin 2nm a cikin 2027.
Manufa ta ƙarshe don farfado da masana'antar semiconductor na Japan shine kamfanin da aka kafa a cikin 2002, Billda, da Samsung shekaru 10 bayan yaƙin, Koriya ta Kudu ta doke su da fatara, na ƙarshe na kayan Micron an tattara su.
A jajibirin fashewar wannan kasuwar tasha ta wayar hannu, duk masana'antar sarrafa na'ura ta Japan ta kasance cikin rudani.Kamar yadda ake cewa, kasar ta yi rashin dadi ga mawaka, kuma fatarar Elpida ta zama wani abu da ake ta taunawa akai-akai a duniyar masana'antu, kuma a sakamakon haka ne aka haifar da jerin littattafan tabo na semiconductor wanda "Lost Manufacturing" ke wakilta.
A cikin wannan lokacin, jami'an Japan sun shirya shirye-shiryen kamawa da farfaɗo da dama, amma ba tare da nasara ba.
Bayan 2010, wani sabon zagaye na ci gaba a masana'antar semiconductor, kamfanonin guntu na Japan da ke da ƙarfin gaske kusan ba a haɗa su ba, fa'idar filin ta Amurka, Koriya ta Kudu da Taiwan duk sun rabu.
Baya ga kamfanin na'ura mai kwakwalwa Kioxia, wanda Bain Capital ya riga ya sanya aljihunsa, katunan karshe da suka rage a masana'antar guntu ta Japan su ne Sony da Renesas Electronics.
A cikin shekaru uku da suka gabata, cutar ta duniya da ta mamaye kan raguwar buƙatun kayan lantarki ya kamata ya zama koma baya ga masana'antar guntu.2023, masana'antar semiconductor ta duniya har yanzu tana kan gaba a kan koma bayan sake zagayowar, amma Japan ta jagoranci duk sauran yankuna a watan Fabrairu, tana jagorantar ci gaba da samun ci gaba a cikin tallace-tallace, kuma wataƙila ita ce yanki ɗaya kawai a waje da Turai don cimma ci gaba. wannan shekara.
Wataƙila ita ce sake dawo da kamfanonin guntu na Japan, haɗe tare da buƙatar tsaro sarkar samar da kayayyaki, suna haifar da haihuwar mafi girman shirin farfaɗo bayan Elpida Rapidus, haɗin gwiwa tare da IBM kuma ana ɗaukarsa "dawowar Japan zuwa masana'antar masana'antar masana'anta ta ƙarshe. dama, amma kuma mafi kyawun dama."
Menene ya faru da masana'antar lantarki ta Japan tun 2012, lokacin da Billda ya yi fatara?
Sake Gina Bayan Bala'i
Farar Billda a cikin 2012 wani lamari ne mai ban mamaki, wanda yayi daidai da wanda shine jimillar rugujewar masana'antar semiconductor na Japan, tare da manyan kamfanoni uku Panasonic, Sony, da Sharp suna haifar da asarar rikodin, kuma Renesas na kan hanyar fatarar kuɗi.Girgizar kasa mai ban mamaki da wannan fatara ta haifar kuma ya haifar da bala'o'i na biyu ga masana'antar Japan:
Ɗaya daga cikin su shine raguwar alamar tasha: Sharp's TV, Toshiba's air conditioner, Panasonic's wash machine da kuma wayar hannu ta Sony, ƙwararrun masu amfani da lantarki sun kusan raguwa don zama masu samar da kayayyaki.Mafi ban tausayi shine Sony, kyamara, mai tafiya, fim mai jiwuwa da talabijin waɗannan fa'idodin aikin, ɗaya bayan ɗaya a cikin muzzle na iPhone.
Na biyu shi ne rugujewar sarkar masana'antu na sama: daga panel, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, zuwa masana'anta guntu, na iya rasa yaƙin ga Koriya ta asali.Da zarar an kashe kwakwalwan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar Japan, ya bar Toshiba kawai ya haska seedling, sakamakon canjin Toshiba na toshewar makamashin nukiliya tare da tasirin zamba na kuɗi, kasuwancin ƙwaƙwalwar filashi mai suna Kioxia, an sayar da shi da hawaye zuwa Bain Capital.
Tunanin gama gari na ilimi a lokaci guda, jami'an Japan da masana'antu kuma sun ƙaddamar da jerin ayyukan sake gina bayan bala'i, abu na farko na sake ginawa shine ɗan'uwan Billda mai wahala: Renesas Electronics.
Mai kama da Billda, Renesas Electronics ya haɗa kasuwancin semiconductor na NEC, Hitachi, da Mitsubishi ban da DRAM, kuma ya kammala aikin haɗin gwiwa a cikin Afrilu 2010, yana halarta a matsayin kamfani na semiconductor na huɗu mafi girma a duniya.
A Japan an rasa zamanin Intanet na wayar hannu na nadama, Renesas ya mallaki sashin semiconductor na Nokia, yana shirin haɗa shi tare da layin samfuran sarrafa kansa, a kan jirgin ƙarshe na igiyoyin wayoyin hannu.
Amma tsadar kuɗaɗe masu yawa don yin tikitin shine asarar yen biliyan 2 kowane wata, zuwa 2011, fashewar fashewar tashar nukiliya ta Fukushima ta Japan ta farko, wanda ya mamaye cibiyar samar da nauyi na ambaliya ta Thailand, asarar Renesas ya kai biliyan 62.6. yen, rabin ƙafa zuwa fatarar kuɗi da ruwa.
Abu na biyu na sake ginawa shine Sony, wanda Jobs ya taɓa ɗauka a matsayin abin koyi ga masana'antar lantarki.
Ana iya kallon gazawar Sony har zuwa kyama ga iyawar software, wanda shine ɗayan matsalolin gama gari na masana'antar lantarki ta Japan.Duka alamar haɗin gwiwar ta tare da Ericsson da wayoyin hannu na Sony an yi la'akari da su a matsayin mafi munin ƙwarewar mai amfani tare da mafi kyawun kayan aiki.
A cikin 2017, Xperia XZ2P, wanda ya kai rabin kilo, shine ƙarshen wannan "hardware".
A cikin 2002, TV ɗin ginshiƙi na kasuwanci na Sony ya fara ɗaukar hasara, Walkman kai tsaye ya shake shi da iPod, kyamarar dijital ta biyo baya, wayoyi masu wayo ɗaya bayan ɗaya sun faɗi a kan bagadi.A shekara ta 2012, asarar Sony ta kai shekara mafi girma na yen biliyan 456.6, darajar kasuwa ta dala biliyan 125 daga kololuwar shekarar 2000 ta ragu zuwa dala biliyan 10, an kuma haifi siyar da memba na ginin a nan.
Ko da yake duka kamfanonin biyu suna fama da rashin lafiya, a cikin 2012, wannan ya riga ya kasance ƙasa na ƙananan katunan da ke cikin masana'antar lantarki ta Japan.
A watan Afrilun 2012, Kazuo Hirai ya karbi mukamin shugaban kamfanin Sony, kuma a cikin wannan watan ya sanar da shirin "Sony One" na haɗin kai na rukuni.A karshen shekarar, Renesas ta sami allurar babban birnin kasar yen biliyan 150 daga Kamfanin Innovation Corporation na Japan (INCJ), asusun gwamnati, da manyan abokan ciniki takwas, ciki har da Toyota, Nissan, da Canon, kuma ta sanar da sake fasalin. na kasuwancinsa.
Matakan semiconductor na Japan na fita daga cikin rudani sun fara da matuƙar wahala.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-16-2023