Makullin Lokaci na Gaskiya-PCF8563T/F4,118

Real Time Clocks guntu na ɗaya daga cikin na'urorin lantarki da aka fi amfani da su a rayuwar yau da kullun.Yana ba mutane ingantaccen lokaci na ainihi, ko don tsarin lantarki don samar da madaidaicin lokacin tunani, kwakwalwan kwamfuta na Real Time Clocks galibi suna amfani da madaidaicin kristal oscillator azaman tushen agogo.Wasu guntuwar agogo domin babban wutar lantarki ya ragu, amma kuma yana iya aiki, buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfin baturi.

1).Farkon samfuran RTC
Samfuran RTC na farko sune ainihin masu rarraba mitoci tare da tashar sadarwa ta kwamfuta.Yana samun bayanan lokaci kamar shekara, wata, rana, sa'a, minti, da na biyu ta hanyar rarrabawa tare da tara mitar motsin da crystal ɗin ke samarwa da aika shi zuwa na'urar sarrafa bayanai ta hanyar tashar sadarwa ta kwamfuta.
Halayen RTC a cikin wannan lokacin sune kamar haka: tashar tashar layi daya akan layin tashar tashar sarrafawa;yawan amfani da wutar lantarki;ta amfani da tsarin CMOS na yau da kullun;kunshin yana cikin layi biyu;guntu gabaɗaya ba shi da kalandar dindindin da shekarar tsalle da wata ta atomatik aikin sauyawa wanda RTC na zamani ke da shi, kuma ba zai iya magance matsalar shekara ta 2000 ba.Yanzu an kawar da shi.
2).Abubuwan RTC na tsakiyar lokaci
A tsakiyar 1990s, wani sabon ƙarni na RTC ya fito, wanda ke amfani da tsarin CMOS na musamman;amfani da wutar lantarki yana raguwa sosai, tare da ƙimar ƙimar kusan 0.5μA ko ƙasa da haka;ƙarfin wutar lantarki shine kawai 1.4V ko ƙasa da haka;da tashar sadarwa ta kwamfuta kuma ta zama yanayin serial, kamar SIO mai waya guda uku/waya SPI, wasu samfuran da ke amfani da bas na I2C mai lamba 2;marufi SOP / SSOP kunshin, ƙarar Kunshin yana ɗaukar fakitin SOP/SSOP, kuma girman yana raguwa sosai;
Aiki: matakin hankali na kan-chip ya karu sosai, tare da aikin kalanda na dindindin, sarrafa fitarwa kuma ya zama mai sassauƙa da bambanta.Daga cikin su, Japan RICOH kaddamar RTC ya ma bayyana a cikin lokaci tushe software tuning aikin (TTF) da oscillator dakatar da atomatik gano aikin da guntu farashin ne musamman low.A halin yanzu, abokan ciniki sun yi amfani da waɗannan kwakwalwan kwamfuta da yawa.
3).Sabbin ƙarni na samfuran RTC
Sabbin ƙarni na samfuran RTC, ban da ƙunshi duk ayyukan ƙarni na biyu na samfuran, sun kuma ƙara ayyuka masu haɗaka, kamar gano ƙarancin wutar lantarki, babban aikin sauya baturi, aikin yoyon allo, da kuma kunshin kanta. Karami (tsawo 0.85mm, yanki na kawai 2mm * 2mm).

Kuskuren lokacin guntu na Real Time Clocks yafi daga guntu guntu a cikin kuskuren mitar kristal, kuma kuskuren mitar crystal yafi faruwa saboda canjin yanayin zafi da aka haifar.Saboda haka, zazzabi na mitar resonant crystal na kuskuren da aka haifar ta hanyar ramuwa mai tasiri shine mabuɗin inganta daidaiton agogo.Hanyar biyan kuskuren mitar ma'adini crystal resonant ta dogara ne akan sanannen kuskuren mitar resonant crystal tare da canjin zafin jiki, don samar da ma'aunin rarraba mitar 1Hz don ingantacciyar hanyar diyya.
Mafi mahimmancin aikin RTC shine samar da aikin kalanda har zuwa 2099, don lokaci, komai sauri ko jinkirin kuskuren, kuma capacitor mai dacewa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin na'urorin RTC, yana iya daidaitawa da kyau. matsalar daidaitawa tsakanin crystal da RTC.