Halayen Samfur

Microsemi

Kamfanin Microsemi, wanda ke da hedikwata a Irvine, California, babban mai ƙira ne, masana'anta, kuma mai siyar da manyan ayyuka na analog da haɗaɗɗun siginar haɗaɗɗun sigina da manyan na'urori masu dogaro da kai waɗanda ke sarrafawa da sarrafawa ko daidaita kayan wutar lantarki, suna kariya daga ƙazamar wutar lantarki mai wucewa da watsawa. , karɓa da haɓaka sigina.

Samfuran Microsemi sun haɗa da abubuwan haɗin kai da haɗin kai da hanyoyin haɗin kai waɗanda ke haɓaka ƙirar abokin ciniki ta haɓaka aiki da aminci, haɓaka batura, rage girman, da kare kewaye.aikace-aikace.

Gabatarwa ga FPGAs a Microsemi

Microsemi ya sami Actel a cikin 2010, yana mai da FPGAs na Microsemi shekaru talatin.An yi nasarar amfani da FPGA na Actel a cikin shirye-shiryen sararin samaniya sama da 300 a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, wanda ke tabbatar da cewa FPGAs na Actel babu shakka abin dogaro ne.

Na'urorin anti-fuse galibi sun kasance na kasuwar soja ne kuma ba a buɗe su ga kasuwar farar hula ba, don haka tunanin Actel koyaushe ya kasance a ɓoye har zuwa 2002 lokacin da aka gabatar da sabbin FPGAs na tushen Flash, wanda ya fallasa asirin Actel, wanda tun a hankali ya fara bayyana. hanyarsa zuwa kasuwar farar hula kuma kowa ya san shi.FPGA na farko Flash architecture shine ProASIC, wanda halayen guntu guda ɗaya daidai da CPLDs da ƙarancin amfani da ƙarfin ƙarfi da halaye masu girma fiye da na CPLDs sun sami yabon injiniyoyin ci gaba, kuma mutane da yawa sun yi amfani da FPGAs na gine-ginen Flash don maye gurbin CPLDs na asali kuma. Farashin FPGA.

Yayin da bukatun al'umma ke ci gaba da canzawa, Actel na ci gaba da inganta fasahar FPGA, kullum tana tacewa da haɓaka ayyuka da albarkatun cikin gida na FPGAs, kuma a cikin 2005 Actel ya ƙaddamar da ƙarni na uku na FPGAs na Flash architecture - ProASIC3/E.Nasarar ƙaddamar da ProASIC3/E ya ba da sanarwar sabon ci gaba.Nasarar ƙaddamar da ProASIC3/E ta sanar da sabon “yaƙi” tsakanin FPGAs.An tsara dangin ProASIC3/E don mayar da martani ga ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatun kasuwa don cikakkun siffofi, FPGAs masu rahusa don mabukaci, motoci, da sauran aikace-aikace masu tsada.Wadannan sune samfuran Actel.

Fusion: FPGA na farko na masana'antar tare da aikin analog, haɗa 12-bit AD, Flash Memory, RTC, da sauran abubuwan haɗin gwiwa don tabbatar da SoC ta zama gaskiya.

IGLOO: FPGA mai ƙarancin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi tare da keɓaɓɓen Flash * Yanayin barci mai daskare, wanda mafi ƙarancin wutar lantarki ya kai 5µW kuma ana adana yanayin RAM da rajista.

IGLOO2: ingantaccen I/O dangane da IGLOO, yana ba da ɗimbin adadin tashoshin I/O, goyan bayan abubuwan shigar Smitter, mai zafi, da sauran fasalulluka.

ProASIC3L: fasali ba kawai babban aikin ProASIC3 ba har ma da ƙarancin wutar lantarki.

Nano: FPGA mafi ƙarancin wutar lantarki na masana'antu, tare da mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na 2µW, yana nuna ƙaramin ƙaramin fakiti 3mm*3mm da farashi mai ƙarancin farashi na $0.46.

Waɗannan jerin duk wani ɓangare ne na FPGAs na Actel's Flash architecture na ƙarni na uku, waɗanda fasalulluka daban-daban na iya biyan buƙatun kasuwanni daban-daban kuma suna kawo masu amfani da zaɓuɓɓuka masu yawa da tasirin da ba zato ba tsammani don haɓaka gasa na samfuransu.Bari mu kalli abubuwan ban sha'awa na Actel's FPGAs na Flash na ƙarni na uku.

Iyalin Polarfire FPGA

Microsemi's PolarFire FPGAs sune na'urori na FPGA na ƙarni na biyar waɗanda ba su da ƙarfi waɗanda ke nuna sabbin fasahar tsari na 28nm mara ƙarfi, matsakaicin yawa, da mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin amfani, haɗin ginin FPGA mafi ƙasƙanci, mafi ƙarancin iko 12.7Gbps transceiver, ginannen ƙaramin ƙarfi dual PCI Express. Gen2 (EP/RP) da na'urorin tsaro na bayanai na zaɓi da haɗin gwiwar ɓoyayyen ƙananan ƙarfi.Tare da har zuwa 481K dabaru Kwayoyin, aiki voltages na 1.0V-1.05V, da kuma aiki yanayin zafi na kasuwanci (0°C – 100°C) da masana’antu (-40°C – 100°C), Microsemi ta FPGA samfurin line ne m, da ƙaddamar da PolarFire yana faɗaɗa yuwuwar kasuwancin sa na FPGA zuwa kasuwar na'urar matsakaicin matsakaicin dala biliyan 2.5.

Me yasa ake amfani da Microsemi FPGAs

1 Babban tsaro

Tsaro na Actel Flash architecture FPGAs yana nunawa a cikin matakan kariya 3.

Layer na farko ya kasance na tsarin kariya ta zahiri, transistor na Actel's ƙarni na uku Flash architecture FPGAs ana kiyaye su da nau'ikan ƙarfe 7, cirewar ƙarfen yana da matukar wahala a cimma injin juzu'i (ta wasu hanyoyin cire ƙarfe). Layer don ganin yanayin sauyawa na transistor na ciki kuma don haka sake haifar da zane;Flash FPGAs ba su da ƙarfi, ba a buƙatar guntu sanyi na waje, guntu guda ɗaya, Ana iya kunna shi kuma yana gudana ba tare da tsoron tsangwama na rafin bayanai yayin tsarin daidaitawa ba.

Layer na biyu shine fasahar boye-boye na Flash Lock, wanda kamar yadda sunan ke nuna yana da tasirin kullewa a kan ƙwayoyin Flash.Yana da wani 128-bit encryption algorithm wanda ke hana ayyukan da ba a ba da izini ba akan guntu ta hanyar zazzage maɓallin guntu don ɓoyewa, kuma idan ba tare da maɓallin ba, ba za a iya tsara guntu, gogewa, tabbatarwa da sauransu ba. Layer na biyu shine ɓoyewar Flash Lock. fasaha, wanda shine 128-bit encryption algorithm wanda ke hana ayyuka marasa izini akan guntu ta hanyar zazzage maɓallin guntu don ɓoyewa.

Layer na uku wata fasaha ce da ke ɓoye fayilolin shirye-shirye ta amfani da daidaitattun bayanan sirri na AES na duniya, algorithm ɗin ɓoyewa wanda ke manne da daftarin Ma'auni na Gudanar da Bayanin Tarayyar Amurka (FIPS) mai lamba 192, wanda hukumomin gwamnatin Amurka ke amfani da shi don kare bayanan sirri da jama'a.Algorithm na iya ƙunsar kusan maɓallan 3.4 x 1038 128-bit, idan aka kwatanta da girman maɓalli 56-bit a ma'aunin DES na farko, wanda ke ba da kusan maɓallan 7.2 x 1016.A cikin 2000, Cibiyar Matsayi da Fasaha ta ƙasa (NIST) ta karɓi ma'aunin AES don maye gurbin ma'aunin DES na 1977, yana haɓaka amincin ɓoyewa sosai.NIST ya kwatanta tsarin tsaro na AES ta hanyar nuna cewa idan tsarin kwamfuta zai iya tsattsage maɓallin DES 56-bit a cikin dakika ɗaya, zai iya ɗaukar kimanin shekaru tiriliyan 149 kafin a fashe maɓallin AES mai 128-bit, yayin da aka rubuta sararin duniya zai kasance. kasa da shekaru biliyan 20, don haka za ku iya tunanin yadda tsaro ya dogara.

Actel Flash FPGAs, dangane da kariyar sau uku na sama, yana ba da damar ingantaccen tsaro mai mahimmanci na mai amfani da kuma sa ISP mai nisa ya yiwu, wanda zai samar da ingantaccen tsaro don ƙirar dabaru.

2 Babban dogaro

Kuskure iri biyu ba makawa ne a cikin transistor na tushen SRAM: Kuskure mai laushi da Kuskuren Firm, waɗanda ke haifar da barbashi masu ƙarfi (neutrons, particles) a cikin sararin samaniyar da ke jefar da transistor na SRAM, wanda, saboda yawan kuzarin su, na iya canzawa. yanayin transistor yayin karo da wani transistor na musamman.

Kuskuren da ake kira softe kuskuren shine galibi don ƙwaƙwalwar SRAM, misali SRAM, DRAM, da dai sauransu. Lokacin da wani abu mai ƙarfi ya shiga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar bayanan SRAM, yanayin bayanan zai dawo, daga 0 zuwa 1 ko 1 zuwa 0, yana haifar da kuskuren bayanan wucin gadi, wanda zai ɓace lokacin da aka sake rubuta bayanan.Waɗannan kurakurai ne masu iya dawo da su kuma ana iya rage su ta hanyar gano kuskuren da aka gina a ciki da kuma gyara (EDAC) na FPGA.

Kuskuren firmware shine lokacin da SRAM FPGA sanyi cell ko tsarin cabling ke bombarded da barbashi masu kuzari a cikin yanayi, yana haifar da canji a aikin tunani ko kuskuren wayoyi wanda zai haifar da cikakkiyar gazawar tsarin kuma zai dage har sai an duba kuma a gyara.

Tsarin gine-gine na Actel Flash yana da kariya daga kurakuran firmware saboda fasahar Flash ɗinsa na musamman, wanda ke buƙatar babban ƙarfin lantarki don canza yanayin transistor a cikin tsarin Flash, buƙatun da ba za a iya cika shi ta hanyar ƙwayoyin kuzari na yau da kullun ba, don haka barazanar kusan ba ta kasance ba. - akwai.

3 Rashin wutar lantarki

Gabaɗaya akwai nau'ikan amfani da wutar lantarki guda huɗu a cikin FPGAs: Ƙarfin wutar lantarki, ƙarfin daidaitawa, ƙarfin tsaye, da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi.Gabaɗaya, FPGAs suna da duk nau'ikan amfani da wutar lantarki guda huɗu, yayin da Actel Flash FPGAs ke da ƙarfi a tsaye kawai da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, babu wutar lantarki ko ƙarfin daidaitawa, kamar yadda wutar lantarki baya buƙatar babban halin yanzu na farawa, da saukar da wuta. ba mai canzawa ba ne kuma baya buƙatar tsarin tsari.

FPGAs na tushen Flash sun ƙunshi transistor guda biyu a kowane canji na shirye-shirye, yayin da FPGA na tushen SRAM ya ƙunshi transistor shida a kowane canji mai shirye-shirye, don haka kawai dangane da nazarin amfani da wutar lantarki, Flash FPGAs suna cinye ƙasa da ƙarfi fiye da SRAM FPGAs.

Jerin Fusion yana goyan bayan yanayin amfani da ƙananan wuta inda guntu kanta zai iya samar da wutar lantarki na 1.5 V don ainihin kuma za'a iya yin amfani da shi kuma ya farka ta hanyar RTC na ciki da kuma ma'anar FPGA don cimma ƙananan wutar lantarki;Actel IGLOO da IGLOO+ jerin FPGA an tsara su don aikace-aikacen hannu tare da keɓancewar Flash * Yanayin daskarewa na iya rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki zuwa ƙasa da 5uW kuma yana adana bayanai daga RAM.

Actel Flash FPGAs za su cinye ƙarancin ƙarfi fiye da gasar, duka a tsaye da kuma a zahiri, kuma ana iya amfani da su a cikin aikace-aikacen da ke da ƙarfi kuma suna buƙatar ƙarancin wutar lantarki, misali PDAs, consoles na caca, da sauransu.