Baya ga MCU da MPU, ƙarancin na'urorin kera motoci shine mafi damuwa ikon IC, wanda IGBT har yanzu yana cikin ƙarancin wadata, kuma an tsawaita tsarin isar da samfuran IDM na ƙasa da ƙasa zuwa sama da makonni 50.Kamfanonin IGBT na cikin gida suna bin yanayin kasuwa sosai, kuma ƙarfin samarwa yana cikin ƙarancin wadata.
Karkashin fashewar zafi, wadata da buƙatunIGBTsuna sosai m.
IGBT-matakin mota shine ginshiƙi na sabbin na'urori masu sarrafa motocin makamashi, na'urorin sanyaya abin hawa, tulin caji da sauran kayan aiki.Darajar na'urori masu sarrafa wutar lantarki a cikin sabbin motocin makamashi ya ninka fiye da sau biyar na motocin man fetur na gargajiya.Daga cikin su, IGBT yana da kusan kashi 37% na farashin tsarin sarrafa lantarki na sabbin motocin makamashi, don haka yana ɗaya daga cikin na'urorin lantarki mafi mahimmanci a cikin tsarin sarrafa lantarki.
A shekarar 2021, sabuwar siyar da motocin makamashi na kasar Sin ya kai raka'a miliyan 3.52, wanda ya karu da kashi 158% a duk shekara;Tallace-tallace a farkon rabin shekarar 2022 sun kasance raka'a miliyan 2.6, karuwar shekara-shekara kusan sau 1.2.Ana sa ran cewa siyar da sabbin motocin makamashi zai ci gaba da kaiwa kusan raka'a miliyan 5.5 a shekarar 2022, adadin ci gaban shekara na kusan kashi 56%.Ƙarfafa haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar sabbin abubuwan samar da makamashi da tallace-tallace, buƙatun IGBT yana haɓaka cikin sauri.
Koyaya, haɓakar masana'antar IGBT na kera motoci yana da girma sosai.Saboda da dogon tabbaci sake zagayowar na mota-sa IGBT kayayyaki da high fasaha da kuma AMINCI bukatun, na yanzu duniya wadata da aka yafi mayar da hankali a cikin IDM masana'antun, ciki har da Infineon, ON Semiconductor, SEMIKRON, Texas Instruments, STMicroelectronics, Mitsubishi Electric, da dai sauransu. a gaskiya, wasu masana'antun IDM sun bayyana a fili a tsakiyar shekara, kuma umarni sun cika har zuwa 2023 (ba a cire cewa wasu abokan ciniki na iya samun oda ba).
Dangane da lokacin bayarwa, lokacin isarwa na yanzu na manyan masana'antun ƙasashen waje gabaɗaya kusan makonni 50 ne.Dangane da rahoton kasuwar Q4 na Future Electronics, IGBT, lokacin isar da Infineon shine makonni 39-50, lokacin bayarwa na IXYS shine makonni 50-54, lokacin isar da Microsemi shine makonni 42-52, kuma lokacin isar da STMMicroelectronics shine makonni 47-52.
Me yasa karancin abin hawa ba zato ba tsammani IGBT?
Da farko dai, tsawon lokacin aikin samar da kayan aiki yana da tsawo (yawanci game da shekaru 2), kuma fadada ayyukan yana fuskantar matsaloli a cikin siyan kayan aiki, kuma dole ne a biya babban farashi don siyan kayan aikin hannu na biyu.Idan ƙarfin samar da IGBT a kasuwa ya fi yadda ake buƙata, farashin GBT zai faɗi da sauri.Infineon, Mitsubishi da Fujifilm suna da sama da kashi 80 cikin ɗari na ƙarfin samar da kayayyaki a duniya, kuma buƙatar kasuwa shine babban abin da yakamata suyi la'akari.Abu na biyu, abubuwan da ake buƙata na matakin abin hawa suna da girma sosai, da zarar an kammala, ba za a iya daidaita ƙayyadaddun samfuran na ɗan lokaci ba, kodayake duk IGBT ne, amma saboda suna cikin sassa daban-daban, buƙatun IGBT sun bambanta gaba ɗaya, kuma babu yiwuwar. na haɗuwa, yana haifar da tsada mai yawa na haɓaka layin samarwa kuma ba za a iya raba shi ba.
Kamfanonin IGBT suna da cikakken tsari na tsari, kuma ƙarfin samarwa yana cikin ƙarancin wadata
Saboda dogayen lokacin jagoran IGBT na IDM na ƙasa da ƙasa, masu kera motoci na gida na EV suna ci gaba da juyawa ga masu samar da kayayyaki na gida.A sakamakon haka, yawancin masana'antun IGBT na kasar Sin suna ci gaba da aiwatar da ayyukan fadada iya aiki, saboda sun riga sun sami adadi mai yawa na odar IGBT daga masu kera motoci.
(1)Tauraro Semiconductor
A matsayinsa na shugaban IGBT, Star Semiconductor ya samu ribar da ya kai yuan miliyan 590 a cikin rubu'i uku na farkon shekarar bana, adadin da ya karu da sau 1.21 a duk shekara, adadin ya zarce yawan kudin da ake samu na aiki, kuma jimillar tallace-tallacen ya kai 41.07. %, karuwa daga kwata na baya.
A yayin taron kwata na uku na sakamakon da aka yi a ranar 5 ga Disamba, shugabannin kamfanin sun gabatar da cewa babban abin da ke haifar da karuwar kudaden shiga a cikin kwata-kwata na baya-bayan nan ya zo ne daga ci gaba da karuwar kayayyakin kamfanin a cikin sabbin motocin makamashi, daukar hoto, ajiyar makamashi, wutar lantarki da iska da sauransu. sauran masana'antu, da ci gaba da karuwa a kasuwa;Tare da sakin tasirin sikelin, haɓaka tsarin samfur, da haɓaka samarwa da ingantaccen aiki, babban ribar kamfanin yana ci gaba da haɓaka.
Daga mahangar tsarin kudaden shiga, a cikin Janairu ~ Satumba, kudaden shiga na Star Semiconductor daga sababbin masana'antun makamashi (ciki har da sababbin motocin makamashi, sabon makamashin makamashi, da ajiyar makamashi) ya kai fiye da rabi, ya zama babban motsa jiki don aikin kamfanin. girma.Daga cikin su, an yi amfani da na'urori masu sarrafa motoci masu daraja ta kamfanin a cikin manyan masana'antun samar da makamashi na cikin gida tsawon shekaru da yawa, kuma kason kasuwancin sa yana karuwa, kuma ya zama babban mai samar da na'urorin sarrafa wutar lantarki na motoci don sabbin gida. motocin makamashi.
A cewar bayanan da suka gabata, na'urorin IGBT masu daraja na Star Semiconductor na manyan motoci na ci gaba da karuwa, tare da sabbin motocin makamashi sama da 500,000 a farkon rabin shekarar, kuma ana sa ran adadin motocin zai kara karuwa. a cikin rabin na biyu na shekara, wanda fiye da 200,000 A-class da sama da model za a shigar.
(2)Hongwei Technology
Kamfanin IGBT na Hongwei Technology shi ma ya amfana da bunkasuwar sabuwar kasuwar makamashi, kuma kamfanin ya samu ribar yuan miliyan 61.25 a kashi uku na farkon wannan shekara, karuwar da ya kai kusan kashi 30 cikin dari a duk shekara;Daga cikin su, kashi na uku na rubu'in ya samu yuan miliyan 29.01, wanda ya kusan ninka sau biyu a kowace shekara, kuma yawan ribar da aka samu na tallace-tallace ya kai kashi 21.77%, kusan rabin Star Semiconductor.
Dangane da bambamcin ribar da aka samu, shugabannin kamfanin na Macro Micro Technology sun nuna a wani bincike da hukumomi suka gudanar a watan Nuwamba cewa yawan ribar da kamfanin ke samu a duk shekarar 2022 yana daidai da na shekarar 2021, kuma har yanzu akwai tazarar. tare da kamfanoni a cikin masana'antu iri ɗaya, wanda ya fi shafan hawan layukan samarwa.
Kamfanin ya sami umarni da yawa, amma saboda ƙarancin kayan masarufi na sama da kuma sabon ƙarin ƙarfin gwajin da kamfanin ya yi na kan matakin hawa, ba zai iya cika buƙatun kasuwa a halin yanzu ba.Masu gudanarwa na Macro Micro Technology sun gabatar da cewa, saboda karuwar kudaden shiga na kamfanin a cikin motocin lantarki na photovoltaic da sauran fannoni, kamfanin yana ba da amsa ga bukatun abokan ciniki na kasa, kuma zuba jarin kadari yana gaba, yayin da kudaden da ake kashewa yana karuwa sosai. .Bugu da ƙari, duk layin samarwa na haɓaka har yanzu yana cikin hawan hawan, kuma ana buƙatar haɓaka ƙimar amfani da ƙarfin aiki.A nan gaba, tare da daidaita tsarin aikace-aikacen kamfani na ƙasa, haɓaka iya aiki da kuma fitowar tasirin sikelin, ana sa ran zai inganta ribar kamfani.
(3)Silan micro
Kamar yadda waniYanayin IDM semiconductor, Silan Micro ta manyan kayayyakin sun hada da hadedde da'irori, semiconductor discrete na'urorin, da LED kayayyakin.A cikin rubu'i uku na farkon wannan shekara, kamfanin ya samu ribar da ya kai yuan miliyan 774, wanda ya karu da kashi 6.43 bisa dari a duk shekara, daga cikin abin da ya shafa, sakamakon koma bayan da ake samu a kasuwannin hada-hadar kayan masarufi, da takaita wutar lantarki. da dai sauransu, guntu na'urorin kamfanin da umarnin LED sun ƙi, kuma ribar da kamfanin ya samu a cikin kwata na uku ya faɗi da kusan kashi 40% a shekara.
A cikin wani binciken da hukumomi suka gudanar a baya-bayan nan, shugabannin Silan Micro sun yi hasashen cewa ana sa ran samun kudaden shiga na kamfanin zai karu a hankali a cikin kwata na hudu, kuma sabbin kayayyakin makamashi na kera motoci a hankali sun cika sharuddan jigilar kayayyaki da yawa;Kashi na huɗu na kasuwar fararen kaya za su kasance lokacin kololuwa, wanda za a iya ƙarawa zuwa rabin farkon shekara mai zuwa;Kashi na huɗu na kasuwar fararen kaya za su kasance lokacin kololuwa, wanda za a iya ƙarawa zuwa rabin farkon shekara mai zuwa;
A cikin kasuwar IGBT, Silan Micro's IGBT bututu guda ɗaya da kayayyaki an yi amfani da su sosai a fagen masana'antu kuma an faɗaɗa su zuwa sabbin makamashi da motoci.Rahotanni sun bayyana cewa, karfin samar da IGBT mai inci 12 na kamfanin a kowane wata ya kai guda 15,000, amma karancin na’urorin ya shafa, har yanzu ba a kai ga cimma ainihin ma’auni ba, kuma a halin yanzu ana warware shi, tare da layin 8-inch na kamfanin da 6-. Layin inch yana da ƙarfin samar da IGBT, don haka rabon kudaden shigar da ke da alaƙa da IGBT ya ƙaru sosai, kuma ana sa ran ƙarin haɓaka a nan gaba.
Babban matsalar da muke fuskanta a yanzu ita ce karancin kayan aikin da ake bukata.Mu da masu samar da kayayyaki na sama muna ba da himma wajen haɓaka maganin FRD (diode mai saurin dawo da sauri), wanda ya kasance babbar matsala a gare mu a cikin kwata na biyu, kuma a hankali yanzu muna magance ta, in ji wani babban jami'in Shlan Micro.
(4)Wasu
Baya ga kamfanonin da aka ambata a sama, kasuwancin IGBT na kamfanonin semiconductor irin su BYD Semiconductor, Times Electric, China Resources Micro, da Xinjieneng sun sami babban ci gaba, kuma samfuran IGBT masu daraja na motoci suma sun sami babban ci gaba a kasuwa.
Kasar China Resources Micro ta ce a cikin binciken da hukumar ta samu, karfin samar da layin IGBT8 mai inci yana kara habaka, kuma layin samar da inci 12 na Chongqing yana da karfin tsara kayayyakin IGBT.A wannan shekara ana sa ran IGBT zai cimma tallace-tallace miliyan 400, shekara mai zuwa don ninka tallace-tallace na samfuran IGBT a cikin sarrafa masana'antar kera motoci na sabbin makamashi da sauran fannonin tallace-tallace don ƙara haɓaka, a halin yanzu yana lissafin 85%.
Har ila yau, kwanan nan Times Electric ya sanar da cewa, yana da niyyar kara babban birnin Zhuzhou CRRC Times Semiconductor Co., Ltd. da yuan biliyan 2.46, kuma za a yi amfani da karuwar babban birnin CRRC Times Semiconductor wajen siyan wani bangare na kadarorin bangaren kera motoci da ke tallafawa ayyukan gine-gine. (ciki har da ayyukan IGBT) daga kamfanin.
Masana'antun IGBT sun shiga lokacin kari, tushen “masu ɓarna” mara iyaka
Lokacin rabon IGBT ya fara bayyana, wanda ya jawo sabbin shimfidu da yawa.
(1)Xinpengwei
Kwanan nan, Xinpengwei ya ce a cikin wani bincike na cibiyoyi cewa kamfanin na 2022 tsayayyen aikin tara kudade - sabon aikin guntu abin hawa makamashi zai fi samar da kwakwalwan sarrafa wutar lantarki mai karfin wuta, kwakwalwan direban gada mai karfin wutar lantarki, kwakwalwan direban kebewa mai karfin wuta, mai girma. kwakwalwan kwamfuta na taimakon wutar lantarki, da IGBT da na'urorin SiC masu hankali.
Babban samfuran Xinpeng Micro sune guntuwar sarrafa wutar lantarki PMIC, AC-DC, DC-DC, Direban Ƙofar da na'urorin wutar lantarki masu goyan baya, kuma guntuwar sarrafa wutar lantarki mai inganci a halin yanzu jimlar fiye da lambobi 1300.
Xinpengwei ya ce, a cikin shekaru uku masu zuwa, kamfanin zai kaddamar da karin ci-gaba na hadaddun ikon semiconductor kayayyakin ga masana'antu kula da kasuwar bisa cikakken inganta Smart-SJ, Smart-SGT, Smart-Trench, Smart-GaN sabon fasaha guntu fasahar dandali. .
(2) Gari
A cikin Oktoba 2021, an ba da rahoton cewa Geely's IGBT yana kan haɓakawa.Kwanan nan, dandalin tallan Geely ya fitar da “Sanarwar Bayar da Tallafin Aikin Sa ido na Farko na Farko na Aikin Farko na Jineng Microelectronics Factory Transformation Project.” Sanarwar ta nuna cewa Geely ya shiga cikin ƙungiyar IGBT da ta yi da kanta.
A cewar sanarwar, kashi na farko na aikin gyaran masana'anta na Jinneng Microelectronics ya kai kimanin murabba'in murabba'in 5,000, kuma kashi na farko na masana'antar tare da samar da nau'ikan nau'ikan wutar lantarki na IGBT na shekara-shekara na 600,000 an gina shi, galibi ya hada da murabba'in murabba'in murabba'in 3,000 na 10,000. murabba'in murabba'in ɗakuna masu tsabta da dakunan gwaje-gwaje, mita 1,000 na tashoshin wutar lantarki, da murabba'in murabba'in mita 1,000 na ɗakunan ajiya da sarari ofis.
An ruwaito cewa tsarin tafiyar da wutar lantarki naGeely New Energy(ciki har da Geely, Lynk & Co, Zeekr da Ruilan), alamar haɗin gwiwar kamfanin Smart Motor da Polestar kusan duk suna amfani da na'urorin wutar lantarki na IGBT.Extreme Krypton da Smart Motor za su yi amfani da 400V SiC a fili.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-12-2022