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1.Babban amfani da samfuran silicon

A cikin masana'antar semiconductor, ana amfani da kayan silicon galibi a cikin kera diodes / transistor, haɗaɗɗun da'irori, masu gyarawa, thyristors, da sauransu. , da sauransu;An fi amfani da da'irori masu haɗaka a cikin kwamfutoci daban-daban, sadarwa, watsa shirye-shirye, sarrafawa ta atomatik, agogon tasha na lantarki, kayan aiki, da mita, da sauransu;Ana amfani da masu gyara mafi yawa wajen gyarawa;thyristors galibi ana amfani dasu a cikin Rectifiers galibi ana amfani dasu don gyarawa, watsa DC, da rarrabawa, locomotives na lantarki, kamun kai na kayan aiki, manyan oscillators masu tsayi, da sauransu;Ana amfani da na'urar gano haske mafi yawa don nazarin makamashin atomic, gano adadin haske;Ana amfani da kwayoyin halitta mafi yawa a fagen samar da wutar lantarki.

2.Shin akwai abin guntu na gaba wanda zai iya maye gurbin silicon?

Silicon shi ne mafi yawan amfani da semiconductor abu a yau, amma bayyanar graphene, wanda aka sani da "sarkin sababbin kayan", ya sa masana da yawa suyi hasashen cewa graphene zai iya zama kyakkyawan madadin silicon, amma zai dogara ne akan masana'antar sa. ci gaba.

Me yasa aka fi son graphene?Baya ga nata kayan aikin semiconductor, waɗanda ba su da ƙasa da na silicon, yana da fa'idodi da yawa waɗanda silicon ba ya mallaka.Kamar yadda ake ɗaukar iyakar sarrafawa don siliki a matsayin nisa na layin 10nm, a wasu kalmomi, ƙarancin tsari ya wuce 10nm, ƙarin rashin kwanciyar hankali samfurin silicon zai kasance kuma mafi buƙatar aiwatarwa zai kasance.Don cimma manyan matakan haɗin kai da aiki, dole ne a sarrafa sabbin kayan semiconductor, kuma graphene ya zama zaɓi mai kyau.Masana kimiyya sun lura da tasirin quantum Hall a cikin graphene a cikin zafin jiki, kuma kayan ba ya jujjuyawa lokacin da ya ci karo da ƙazanta, yana nuna cewa yana da ƙarfin ƙarfin lantarki.Bugu da kari, graphene ya bayyana kusan m, kuma na gani kaddarorin ba kawai kyau kwarai amma kuma canza tare da kauri na graphene.Don haka ana yanke hukuncin wannan kadarar ta dace da aikace-aikace a cikin optoelectronics.

Watakila dalilin da ya sa graphene bullishness kuma ya dogara da sauran ainihi: carbon nanomaterials.Carbon nanotubes ba su da matsala, bututun da aka yi daga zanen graphene da aka yi birgima cikin jiki mai kyawu mai kyawu da kuma bangon bakin ciki sosai.A ka'ida, guntu na nanotube na carbon ya yi ƙasa da guntu siliki a daidai matakin haɗin kai;Bugu da ƙari, carbon nanotubes da kansu suna samar da zafi kadan, wanda, tare da kyakkyawan yanayin zafi, zai iya rage yawan makamashi;kuma dangane da kudin da ake kashewa wajen samun sinadarin carbon, ba shi da wahala a samu kayayyakin carbon, idan aka yi la’akari da fadinsa da kuma babban abun ciki a cikin kasa.

Tabbas, yanzu an yi amfani da graphene a cikin fuska, batura, da na'urori masu sawa, kuma masana kimiyya sun sami ci gaba mai yawa a wannan fanni na bincike, amma gabaɗaya, idan graphene zai maye gurbin silicon da gaske kuma ya zama kayan yau da kullun na kwakwalwan kwamfuta, ƙarin ƙoƙari zai kasance. ana buƙata a cikin tsarin masana'antu da fasaha na na'urorin tallafi.